![]() ![]() Previously, attacks had been characterized by long artillery bombardments and massed assaults. German forces achieved an unprecedented advance of 60 km (40 mi).īritish troops retreat in March, 1918, during Operation Michealīritish and French trenches were penetrated using novel infiltration tactics, also named Hutier tactics, after General Oskar von Hutier. The operation commenced on March 21 st, 1918, with an attack on British forces near Amiens. German leadership hoped to strike a decisive blow before the Mexican invasion of the US was repelled and a significant amount of American forces would be deployed to Europe. The Spring Offensive sought to divide British and French forces with a series of feints and advances. German General Erich Ludendorff drew up plans (codenamed Operation Michael) for the 1918 offensive on the Western Front. Now, 500,000 American troops were on their way to destroy the Mexican invasion. But the element of surprise Mexico had was gone. Meanwhile, Mexico built another defensive line about 15 miles south of Tucson, and another 20 miles north of San Antonio. Germany made peace with the newly-created provisional government in Russia that same month, and soon reinforcements from the Eastern Front were sent to the Western Front.Īmerican forces advanced into the Baja Peninsula, and Mexican forces built a defensive line at the Colorado River. The United States declared war on Japan, and then a sent a task force to re-capture Oahu. Japan's goal was to crush the American Fleet stationed around Hawaii with a decisive blow, and then Japan would go on to capture the Philippines, Manchuria, and parts of eastern Siberia, without a rapid American intervention. On March 1 st, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor. Only in San Diego American forces counter-attacked, and actually penetrated the border and occupied Tijuana.Īmerican forces defending against the Mexican invasion at El Paso. Mexican forces captured the southern panhandle of Texas in two weeks, and began a march on San Antonio. Germany did not have to worry though, for most American forces would have to focus on repelling the Mexican invasion and fighting the soon-to-be campaign in the Pacific against Japan. The United States responded by declaring war on Mexico as well as Germany. The Mexican attack kicked off with two major artillery bombardments, one against San Diego and one against El Paso, as well as an offensive into southern Texas. Then, Germany sent a copy of the telegram to Tokyo and Japan told Berlin it would cooperate. Mexico received the telegram, and secretly responded to Germany by accepting the proposal. In return, Germany would promise Mexico support of re-claiming Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona- territory Mexico lost to the United States 70 years ago. This would prevent American forces from fighting in Europe, and would give Germany more time for their unrestricted submarine warfare program to strangle Britain's vital war supplies. The proposal suggested that should the United States enter the war, then Mexico declare war on the US and enlist Japan as an ally, sparking an American-Japanese conflict in the Pacific. The telegram was a proposal from Berlin for Mexico to join the war as Germany's ally against the United States, as the USA was on the verge of joining the Allies. Britain failed to crack the German diplomatic code, and never intercepted the Zimmerman Telegram. ![]() ![]() In January 1917, after the Navy pressured the Kaiser, Germany resumed unrestricted submarine warfare. World War I (1917-1918) Entry of the United States 5 Aftermath of World War II and Impact on the World.4.8 1945: Axis Collapse, Allied Victory.3.2.2 President Roosevelt's Famous Speech to Congress.3.2.1 European Occupations and Agreements.1.4 Entente Powers Collapse, Central Powers Victorious.1.3 German Invasion of England, and British Capitulation.1.2 Germany Advances on the Western Front. ![]()
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